Pros, Cons & Best Practices
If you’re planning to install or upgrade your swimming pool plumbing, you’ve probably come across various pipe materials PVC, CPVC, copper and ABS. While PVC often takes center stage in pool plumbing projects, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) pipe is another common option that raises questions. One of the most frequently asked questions: Can I use ABS pipe for pool plumbing? The short answer is yes, but with conditions. While ABS has its place in the plumbing world, there are some key differences that make it not the ideal choice for every application, especially when it comes to the unique environment of swimming pools.
What is ABS Pipe?
ABS is a black plastic pipe made from a thermoplastic resin. It’s lightweight, easy to install and often used in residential plumbing for drain-waste-vent (DWV) systems. The biggest difference is that unlike PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), which requires priming before gluing, ABS only needs solvent special cement, which makes for a quicker installation.
The Pros of ABS Pipe
1. Lightweight and Easy to Install: ABS is lighter than most metal and even some plastic piping options. This makes it easier to handle for pool installation, especially in tight or complex spaces around pool equipment.
2. Durable and Impact-Resistant: ABS is known for its rigidity and resistance to impact, which is especially useful during transportation or installation in areas where the pipe may be exposed to occasional knocks or vibrations.
3. Resists Degradation in Cold Weather: ABS performs better than PVC in colder temperatures. It remains more flexible and is less likely to crack, making it a suitable option for pool plumbing in regions with harsh winters but only if the piping is not constantly exposed to UV rays or high temperatures.
The Cons of ABS Pipe
1. Not UV-Resistant: One of the major drawbacks of ABS pipe is its poor resistance to UV radiation. If installed above ground or in areas exposed to sunlight, ABS can degrade quickly, becoming brittle and prone to cracking, meaning it will need regular replacing and maintantence. This is a critical issue for pool plumbing, which often involves equipment that sits outdoors.
2. Not Ideal for Hot Water Applications: Pools that include spas, hot tubs, or heaters can push water temperatures higher than ABS is rated to handle. PVC and CPVC handle heat better, making them safer choices with fewer problems in those scenarios.
3. Code Restrictions: Depending on your municipality or province, ABS might not be approved for pool plumbing at all. In Ontario, for example, building codes commonly require specific materials for pool systems that must meet temperature, pressure and chemical resistance standards. Always check with your local plumbing code or inspector before proceeding.
Can You Use ABS Underground for Pool Plumbing?
ABS can technically be used underground where it’s protected from sunlight and temperature extremes. However, it still may not be the best choice for pool plumbing lines that handle pressurized water, such as those connected to the pump, filter, or heater, since the majority of ABS pipes are not pressure rated. PVC is generally preferred for these applications because it handles pressure better and resists pool chemicals like chlorine more effectively over time.
ABS vs. PVC: What Pipe is Best for Pool Plumbing?
PVC is generally a safer and longer-lasting choice for most pool plumbing applications, especially above ground or where heat and pressure are involved.
What Pipe is Best for Pool Plumbing?
For pool installation in the GTA, flexible PVC is often the ideal choice. It’s pressure rated, resists cracking during our cold winters, and ensures efficient water flow. Available in appropriate sizes, it handles curves and tight spots with ease. Our experienced plumbers recommend it for long-term durability and performance. If you’re building or upgrading, we’ll help you find the right solution the first time.
Why is ABS Pipe No Longer Used?
While commonly used in the past, ABS has fallen out of favour in residential plumbing projects due to its tendency to crack under pressure and UV exposure. One of the key differences between ABS and PVC is that ABS doesn’t bond with special cement. This can lead to weak joints. These problems make it a less sound choice for outdoor or high-pressure use.
Can You Convert ABS Pipe to PVC?
Yes, but there’s a critical difference in how it must be done. You can’t directly connect the two without a proper transition fitting and special cement. Converting ABS to PVC requires knowledge of fittings and material compatibility to avoid leaks. If you’re replacing old piping in your house or yard, our team will make sure it’s done the right way so it’s safe, code-compliant, and built to last.
Is ABS Pipe Suitable for Outdoor?
ABS is not an ideal choice for outdoor applications in Toronto. Its lack of UV resistance leads to degradation over time, especially during summer heat. That’s one of the top reasons it’s no longer preferred for external use. PVC, by contrast, is a more cost-effective choice for outdoor drainage or exposed lines. The biggest difference is that PVC holds up where ABS just can’t.
Best Practices if Using ABS in Pool Plumbing:
If you choose or inherit a pool system using ABS pipe, here are some best practices to follow:
1. Keep it Underground or Covered
ABS should never be exposed to direct sunlight. If any part of the ABS piping runs above ground, it must be properly insulated or enclosed in UV-resistant conduit or paint.
2. Avoid Heated Water Lines
Do not use ABS pipe on lines leading to or from a heater, spa or any feature that increases water temperature significantly.
3. Use Compatible Cement
Make sure to use ABS-specific solvent cement during installation. Do not mix PVC and ABS pipes unless you’re using a certified transition cement and the connection complies with your local code.
4. Regular Inspection
Because ABS may become brittle over time, especially if improperly exposed, conduct routine inspections of your pool plumbing to catch cracks, leaks or signs of deterioration early.
So, can you use ABS pipe for pool plumbing? Technically, yes, but it’s often not the ideal material for the job. If used at all, it should be limited to underground, non-pressurized and shaded areas and even then, it may not offer the longevity and safety that PVC or CPVC provides, making ABS pipe the less cost effective choice. Given the demands of pool systems, heat, pressure, UV exposure and chemical resistance – it’s usually best to stick with plumbing materials that are purpose-built for the task. Always consult a licensed plumber or pool technician and check your local codes before making your decision.
The Great Plumbing Co. – Your Plumber for Swimming Pools and Beyond
For nearly three decades, The Great Plumbing Co. has been providing exceptional plumbing services for homeowners as well as business owners throughout Toronto and the GTA. Whether you’re dealing with a leaky hose bib, need a drain cleaning, or a toilet repair and service you can trust The Great Plumbing Co. to deliver timely solutions tailored to your specific requirements.
Contact us or book online to schedule your residential plumbing appointment.
